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Inspection Modes

Proxy

Proxy-based inspection involves buffering the traffic and examining it as a whole before determining an action. The process of having the whole of the data to analyze allow this process to include more points of data to analyze than the flow-based or DNS methods.

The advantage of a proxy-based method is that the inspection can be more thorough than the other methods, resulting in fewer false positive or negative results in the analysis of the data.

Flow-based

The Flow-based inspection method examines the file as it passes through the FortiGate unit without any buffering. As each packet of the traffic arrives it is processed and forwarded without waiting for the complete file or web page, etc.

The advantage of the flow-based method is that the user sees a faster response time for HTTP requests and there is less chance of a time-out error due to the server at the other end responding slowly.

The disadvantages of this method are that there is a higher probability of a false positive or negative in the analysis of the data and that a number of points of analysis that can be used in the proxy-based method are not available in the flow-based inspection method. There is also fewer actions available to choose from based on the categorization of the website by FortiGuard services.

DNS

The DNS inspection method uses the same categories as the FortiGuard Service. It is lightweight in terms of resource usage because it doesn't involve any proxy-based or flow-based inspection.

A DNS request is typically the first part of any new session to a new website. This inspection method takes advantage of that and places the results of the categorization of websites right on the FortiGuard DNS servers. When the FortiGate resolves a URL, in addition to the IP address of the website it also receives a domain rating.

In the same way that the flow-based inspection method had fewer filters and points of analysis than the proxy-based inspection method, DNS has fewer settings still. All of its inspection is based on the IP address, the domain name and the rating provided by the FortiGuard DNS server.

If the DNS mode is chosen, the additional setting of a DNS action must be chosen. The options are:

• Block - The traffic will be blocked and the session dropped.
• Redirect - The session will be redirected to a message page indicating to the user what is happening.